Monosaccharides: Their Chemistry and Their Roles in Natural Products

Monosaccharides Their Chemistry and Their Roles in Natural Products Peter Collins University of London, UK Robin Ferrier Victoria University of Wellington, NZ An in-depth text for students starting their study of carbohydrate chemistry, Monosaccharides relates the vast field of carbohydrate chemistry to both synthetic organic chemistry and biological processes. The structures and reactions of monosaccharides are examined in detail and their applications in synthesis and as biologically active compounds are discussed and explained at length. This textbook, written by two well-known experienced teachers and researchers in carbohydrate chemistry, provides:* up-to-date coverage of this rapidly expanding and developing field* classification of monosaccharide reactions according to reaction site* treatment of monosaccharides as organic compounds with rationalized chemistry* more than 1000 references to the primary literature* a discussion of monosaccharides as components of biologically active compoundsMonosaccharides will be invaluable for students and lecturers alike in organic, bioorganic and natural products chemistry, biochemistry, glycobiology and molecular biology.

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Neurodegenerative Diseases and Metal Ions: Metal Ions in Life Sciences

Metal Ions in Life Sciences links coordination chemistry and biochemistry in their widest sense and thus increases our understanding of the relationship between the chemistry of metals and life processes. The series reflects the interdisciplinary nature of Biological Inorganic Chemistry and coordinates the efforts of scientists in fields like biochemistry, inorganic chemistry, coordination chemistry, molecular and structural biology, enzymology, environmental chemistry, physiology, toxicology, biophysics, pharmacy, and medicine. Consequently, the volumes are an essential source for researchers active in these and related fields as well as teachers preparing courses, e.g., in Bioinorganic Chemistry.About this Book...Volume 1, devoted solely to the vital research area concerning the role of metal ions in neurodegenerative diseases, offers in 15 stimulating chapters an authoritative and timely view of this fascinating subject.Written by 41 internationally recognized experts, Neurodegenerative Diseases and Metal Ions highlights, supported by 130 illustrations, the recent progress made in understanding the role metal ions play in diseases like transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (Creutzfeldt-Jakob and related diseases), Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, Wilson's and Menkes' diseases, as well as in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and others. The interplay between metal ions, catecholamines and the formation of reactive oxygen species resulting in oxidative stress is considered, as is the metalloneurochemistry of zinc and the neurotoxicity of aluminum, cadmium, lead, and mercury. The need for novel drugs which manipulate metal-centered neuropathology is emphasized.

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Biochemistry For Dummies

Are you baffled by biochemistry? You’re not the first, and you won’t be the last. Here’s the good news — you don’t have to stay baffled! Biochemistry For Dummies shows you the fun and easy way to get a handle on biochemistry, apply the science, raise your grades, and prepare yourself to ace any standardized test.

This friendly, unintimidating guide presents an overview of the material covered in a typical college-level biochemistry course and makes biochemistry basics easy to understand. It explains all the topics and practical applications in plain English. From cell ultrastructure and carbohydrates to amino acids, proteins, and supramolecular structure, you’ll identify biochemical structures and reactions, send your grades soaring, and start looking forward to your next class, instead of dreading it. Discover how to:

• Master biochemistry basics
• Work through biochemistry problems
• Prepare for standardized tests
• Grasp amino acid and protein structures
• Nail down enzyme terminology
• Get a grip on the Michaelis-Menton equation
• Load up on carbo knowledge
• Crack the nucleic acid code
• Learn to love lipids — but not too much
• Master the ABCs of vitamins
• Apply biochem in everyday life
• Explore a career in the field

From water chemistry to protein synthesis Biochemistry For Dummies gives you the vital information, clear explanations, and important insights you need to increase your understanding and improve your performance on any biochemistry test.

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The Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory: An Introduction

This clear and accessible textbook introduces students to the brain's remarkable capacity for memory. It begins with a history of thinking and research on the biological bases of memory, highlighting discoveries about the brain made in a "Golden Era" of neuroscience around the turn of the 20th century. This is followed by presentation of our current understanding of the neurobiology of memory, organized into sections corresponding to the book's four major themes. The first is Connection, and it considers how memory is based on alterations in the communication between nerve cells. Research on the physiology and biochemistry of neurons has revealed a cascade of molecular events and structural changes that enhance or weaken the connectivity of nerve cells in support of memory. The second theme is Cognition, which considers the psychological structure of memory. Early work on this topic involved controversy over the basic cognitive processes that underlie memory, and modern research has shown that these characterizations reflect distinctions among qualitatively different forms of memory. The third theme is Compartmentalization, the notion that the different forms of memory are accomplished by distinct brain systems. Recent research has revealed parallel memory systems that separately mediate our ability for conscious recollection, our capacity to acquire skills and habits, and our acquisition of emotional attachments and aversions. The fourth theme is Consolidation, the process by which memories are transformed from a labile trace into a permanent store. Scientists have shown that there are two distinct stages in memory consolidation, one involving cellular mechanisms that underlie a fixation of changes in the neuronal connection strengths and the other involving a reorganization and restruction of the circuits that store and retrieve memories.
The book assumes little background knowledge from biology or psychology, and is intended as a text for use in undergraduate courses on memory and cognitive science, and for early graduate students in neuroscience, cognitive science, or biology. It encapsulates the major concepts in the field, and makes this area of research accessible to students who pursue a variety of related disciplines.

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Modern Parasitology

This is a thorough revision and update of the highly successful first edition, which which achieved sales in excess of 4,500. The text serves as a comprehensive introduction to parasitology for both undergraduate and beginning graduate students. In this edition, particular emphasis is placed on parasites of human and veterinary importance. The first three chapters in the text are concerned with how parasites 'work,' their biochemistry, molecular and cell biology and physiology. The remaining chapters cover ecology and epidemiology, immunology and chemotherapy, with the final chapter covering integrated control. This new edition contains new material on cell and molecular biology, vectors and control, which is in contrast to the general biological approach of the first edition. The second edition will succeed the first as the major text on parasitology for students in biology, zoology, microbiology, medicine, veterinary medicine, tropical medicine and public health.

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Gut Flora, Nutrition, Immunity and Health

Some foods, as well as contributing essential nutrients to the body, also contain additional components that improve disease resistance and general health status over and above that induced by ingestion of conventional foods. The so-called functional foods, and prebiotics and probiotics exemplify the relationship that exists between nutrition, the gut (the largest element of the body’s immune system) and its flora, immunology and health.

This important book contains chapters covering the basic principles of nutrition, gut microecology and immunology, as well as chapters which discuss the way in which this knowledge may be used to explain the positive and negative effects of food consumption, metabolism, probiotics and prebiotics. Food hypersensitivity and allergic reactions, carcinogenesis, and the role of nutrition in the reduced immunity of the aged are also discussed in detail.

The editors of this exciting and informative book, who between them have a vast wealth of knowledge of the area, have drawn together and carefully edited international contributions from many well known and respected workers in the area. Gut Flora, Nutrition, Immunity and Health provides essential information for a range of professionals including nutritionists, dietitians, food scientists, microbiologists, gastroenterologists, immunologists and all personnel working in the development and use of functional foods and supplements, prebiotics and probiotics. Libraries in universities and research establishments where these subjects are studied and taught, and pharmaceutical and food companies should have multiple copies of this very useful book on their shelves.

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RNA Purification and Analysis: Sample Preparation, Extraction, Chromatography

The complete know-how on optimizing lab protocols for handling every RNA species -- from the very small to the very large.
In contrast to DNA, which is restricted to the single function of carrier of genetic information in the cell nucleus, RNA -- a closely related but biochemically very different molecule, is employed in a variety of functions. Consequently, there are dozens of functionally different RNA classes in the cell. Their analysis and selective enrichment requires special knowledge and special tools, many of which have been substantially improved in recent years.
This is the first book on the market to cover the many new and important RNA species discovered over the past five years, and it explains current methods for their enrichment, separation and purification.
Building up from general principles of RNA biochemistry and biophysics, it addresses the practical aspects relevant to the laboratory researcher throughout, while discussing the performance and potential problems of the methods discussed.
From the contents:
* The need for RNA extraction, analysis and purification
* RNA solid phase extraction and chromatography
* Extraction and sample preparation of RNA
* Applications of RNA chromatography
* siRNA and miRNA: Analysis, purification and use
An appendix contains a glossary with the important terms and techniques used in RNA analysis.
By explaining the basic and working principles of the methods, the book allows biochemists and molecular biologists to gain much more expertise than by simply repeating a pre-formulated protocol, enabling them to select the procedure and materials best suited to the RNA analysis task at hand. As a result, they will be able to develop new protocols where needed and optimize and fine-tune the general purpose standard protocols that come with the purification equipment and instrumentation.

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Medical Mycology: Cellular and Molecular Techniques

Medical Mycology: Cellular and Molecular techniques is a clear and concise overview of the subject that details the techniques essential for ongoing research in the area. Drawing together contributions from both scientists and clinicians working in the field, the text will provide a valuable perspective on the applicability of specific techniques to patient care.
A wide range of molecular, immunological and cytological techniques are discussed throughout, with the inclusion of protocol section in each chapter designed to provide both a background a up-to-date account of the applications of each procedure. Every technique is fully referenced and illustrations are provided where required to enhance student understanding.

• comprehensive introduction to the key techniques critical to the study of medical mycology
• clear explanation of how each technique is applied in the lab
• contributions from internationally recognised experts in the field
• outlines the background to many techniques required for the successful completion of a research project

An invaluable reference for students of microbiology, biochemistry and molecular biology as well as postgraduates and researchers in the field of medical mycology looking for an up-to-date overview of the latest laboratory techniques.

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Carbohydrate Mimics: Concepts and Methods

Apart from the various functions of carbohydrates in natural processes they are important building blocks for drugs, especially antibiotics. In addition, carbohydrates are considered as important structures in the immunological recognition process of the antigen-antibody reaction. The modification of the structure and thereby the chemistry of substrates is a common procedure in nature. This naturally occurring process is reflected in the concept of molecular mimicry, which has become a useful approach in drug discovery. The search for carbohydrate analogues that exhibit better binding activity, biological activity, and stability began with the synthesis of azasugars. A lot of structural modifications around the anomeric center of carbohydrates has been achieved over the last decade, and these are summarized in terms of the different chemical and biological aspects of carbohydrate mimics in one part of this book. In addition to the well established fields of C-glycosides, azasugars and carbasugars the other part of the book focusses on outstanding achievements in carbohydrate mimic research. Everybody who is active in carbohydrate research or is interested in moving into this exciting field will benefit from this up-to-date source of informations. The leading experts in this field describe their scientific approaches to real interdisciplinary puzzles. This book should be an inspiration to scientists in organic, medicinal chemistry, biochemistry, and biology.

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Biomacromolecules: Introduction to Structure, Function and Informatics

This book provides an integrated treatment of the structure and function of nucleic acids, proteins, and glycans, including thorough coverage of relevant computational biochemistry.

The text begins with an introduction to the biomacromolecules, followed by discussion of methods of isolation and purification, physiochemical and biochemical properties, and structural characteristics. The next section of the book deals with sequence analysis, analysis of conformation using spectroscopy, chemical synthesis, and computational approaches. The following chapters discuss biomolecular interactions, enzyme action, gene transmission, signal transduction, and biomacromolecular informatics. The author concludes with presenting the latest findings in genomics, proteomics, glycomics, and biomacromolecular evolution.

This text is an invaluable resource for research professionals wishing to move into genomics, proteomics, and glycomics research. It is also useful for students in biochemistry, molecular biology, bioengineering, biotechnology, and bioinformatics.

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